See also Abbreviations in this document
Advocacy The act of speaking or of disseminating information intended to influence individual behaviour or opinion, corporate conduct or public policy and law. From: Volunteer Sector Forum (2005).
Affiliate member/partner (of Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance) Individuals, organizations and government who are interested in the ongoing work of the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance.
Best practices Best practices in health promotion/public health are those sets of processes and activities that are consistent with health promotion/public health values, goals and ethics, theories and beliefs, evidence, and understanding of the environment, and are most likely to achieve health promotion/public health goals in a given situation. From: IDM Best Practices for Health Promotion, Public Health and Population Health (2005). Capacity building Building partnerships, knowledge exchange, problem solving and infrastructure support in order to achieve a range of specific and generalized health outcomes. Adapted from: OCDPA (2003), referencing University of Queensland (2000).
Chronic diseases Chronic diseases are diseases or conditions that are generally slow in onset and persist or progress over a long period of time. From: Cancer 2020 Steering Committee (2003). OCDPA currently focuses on the prevention of cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, chronic respiratory diseases among others. From: OCDPA (2003).
Chronic disease prevention Action or measures not only to prevent the occurrence of disease, such as risk factor reduction, but also to arrest its progress and reduce its consequences once established. Primary prevention is directed towards preventing the initial occurrence of a disorder. Secondary and tertiary prevention seek to arrest or retard existing disease and its effects through early detection and appropriate treatment; or to reduce the occurrence of relapses and the establishment of chronic conditions through, for example, effective rehabilitation. Disease prevention is considered to be action, which usually emanates from the health sector, dealing with individuals and populations identified as exhibiting identifiable risk factors, often associated with different risk behaviours. From: OCDPA (2003), adapted from World Health Organization (1998).
Collaboration Any activity supported by more than one individual or group working together to reach an agreed upon goal. From: Public Health Agency of Canada (2005).
Collaborative action and leadership A process of building substantive agreement, through which parties who see different aspects of a problem can constructively explore their differences and search for solutions that go beyond their own visions of what is possible. Collaboration involves joint problem solving and consensus decision making, inventing mutually agreeable solutions, and developing collective actions for implementation:
From: OCDPA (2003), adapted from Gray, as cited by Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance of Canada (2003). Continuous quality improvement (CQI) CQI is a management philosophy and system which involves management, staff and health professionals in the continuous improvement of work processes to achieve better outcomes of patient/client/resident care. It involves the application of statistical methods and group process tools to reduce waste, duplication, and unnecessary complexity in work. The goal of CQI is to consistently meet or exceed the needs of patients, families, staff, health professionals and the community. From: Harrigan M (2000). Core member/partner (of Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance) Provincial organizations who have signed a Memorandum of Understanding in support of the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance. Current collaborative activity (collaboration) Established activity partnership (of more than one individual or group), which may involve ongoing activity maintenance, evaluation or further development. Cybernetics The science of maintaining order in a system, i.e., the study of communication, feedback and control within biological, mechanical and artificial systems. Adapted from: Wikipedia (2005), World Reference (2005), India Infoline (2005). Determinants of health The range of personal, social, economic and environmental factors (e.g., health behaviours, lifestyles, income, social status, education, employment and working conditions, access to appropriate health services, and the physical environments) which determine the health status of individuals or populations. From: OCDPA (2003), referencing World Health Organization (1998). Environment Environment refers to air, water, land and the built environment as well as environmental exposures in communities and workplaces. Adapted from: Federal, Provincial and Territorial Advisory Committee on Population Health (2002).
Environmental scan The systematic, ongoing and collaborative effort to search for important cues about how one’s sector is changing an dhow these changes can affect the future. A broad range of issues should be examined with information gathered from a variety of sources and perspectives (e.g. literature and Web searches, and input from issue experts). Adapted from: Council on Foundations (2005). Evidence-based Evidence is information that is used to inform decision-making. Links between population and public health and clinical practice decisions and actions are explicitly linked to underlying evidence that demonstrates effectiveness. The nature of evidence may vary from scientific evidence (e.g., randomized control trials) to peer-reviewed study results and experiential observations in chronic disease prevention interventions. Adapted from: Truman et al (2000).
GIS A database that helps manage and visualize large amounts of biophysical and socioeconomic data that is spatially referenced. The database can be used to draw maps illustrating distribution of production, environmental, marketing or socioeconomic problems. Such maps may help decision makers to analyze and prioritize problems. GIS can also be used to define homogenous regions, which can be used to target research efforts or to define similarities between regions. From: International Service for Agricultural Research (2003).
Inclusion A society where everyone belongs creates both the feeling and the reality of belonging and helps each of us reach our full potential. The feeling of belonging comes through caring, cooperation, and trust. We build the feeling of belonging together. The reality of belonging comes through equity and fairness, social and economic justice, and cultural as well as spiritual respect. We build the reality of belonging together by engaging our society to ensure it. From: Fay M (2004). Information dissemination Wide-spread sharing of knowledge and information with stakeholders in an equitable, timely manner using multiple dissemination channels (e.g. print material, media, internet). From: OCDPA (2003).
Knowledge capital Knowledge capital refers to capabilities, competencies, information and knowledge base of human capital that resides in the minds of an organization’s employees in either explicit or tacit form. Explicit knowledge includes information and skills that are easily communicated, documented and conveyed to others. It is the knowledge that is collected, stored, distributed and shared primarily as electronic or paper documents. This knowledge can therefore be formally expressed and transferred. Tacit knowledge is experiential and intuitive. It is subjective and experience-based knowledge that cannot be expressed in words or sentences and it also includes cognitive skills such as beliefs, images, intuition and mental models as well as technical skills such as craft and know-how. Implicit knowledge is a subset of tacit knowledge that can be transformed into explicit knowledge. Implicit knowledge can be codified if subjected to some type of a mining or translation process (e.g., environmental scan). Adapted from: Kothuri S (2002).
Knowledge exchange Knowledge exchange is collaborative problem-solving between researchers and decision makers that happens through linkage and exchange. Effective knowledge exchange involves interaction between decision makers and stakeholders (including researchers) and results in mutual learning through the process of planning, producing, disseminating, and applying existing or new evidence in decision-making. Adapted from: Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (2005).
Management Information System An ongoing data collection and analysis system, usually computerized, that allows timely access to service delivery and outcome information. An MIS is a system using formalized procedures to provide management at all levels with appropriate information, based on data from internal and if desired also external sources, to enable them to make timely and effective decisions for planning, directing, and controlling the activities for which they are responsible. From: International Service for Agricultural Research (2003).
Networking Interactions among grouping of individuals, organizations and agencies organized on a non hierarchical basis around common issues or concerns, which are pursued proactively and systematically, based on commitment and trust. Adapted from OCDPA (2003), referencing World Health Organization (1998). Partnership An alliance among two or more parties that pursue a set of agreed upon goals. Partnership building often involves negotiation among the different partners in the definition of goals and ethical ground rules, joint action areas, and agreement on the form of cooperation reflected in the partnership. From OCDPA (2003), adapted from World Health Organization (1998). Potential collaborative activity (collaboration) An activity partnership that has not been initiated yet.
Risk factor Social, economic or biological status, behaviours or environments which are associated with or cause increased susceptibility to a specific disease, ill health, or injury. From: OCDPA (2003), referencing World Health Organization (1998).
Social marketing Social marketing is the application of commercial marketing technologies to the analysis, planning, execution, and evaluation of programs designed to influence the voluntary behavior of target audiences in order to improve their personal welfare and that of their society. From: Andreasen AR (1995), as cited by Lagarde (1998) on Health Canada Web site (2005).
Surveillance Tracking and forecasting any health event or health determinant through the ongoing collection of data, the integration, analysis, and interpretation of that data into surveillance products and the dissemination of that resultant surveillance product to those who need to know. From: Health Canada (1999). Providing the tools and educational opportunities to help people acquire and enhance skill sets necessary to implement certain activities. From: OCDPA (2003).
3M or 3-M Technology Company ACCU Aboriginal Cancer Care Unit (within Division of Preventive Oncology at Cancer Care Ontario) ACS Aboriginal Cancer Strategy ACT Action in your Community against Tobacco AGCO Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario alPHa Association of Local Public Health Agencies AMO Association of Municipalities of Ontario AO Addictions Ontario AOD Alcohol and Other Drugs AOHC Association of Ontario Health Centres APN Alcohol Policy Network APRG Alcohol Policy & Research Group (at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health) ARAPO Association to Reduce Alcohol Promotion in Ontario ASAP (Ontario’s) Anti-Smog Action Plan AS Asthma Society ASPHIO Association for Supervisors of Public Health Inspectors of Ontario ATS Aboriginal Tobacco Strategy ATSWG Aboriginal Tobacco Strategy Working Group BBBSC Big Brothers/Big Sisters of Canada BEAM Central Vacuum BEAM systems BMI Body mass index BP Best practice CAAP (Ontario’s) Clean Air Action Plan CAAWS Canadian Association for Advancement of Women in Sports CAHPERD Canadian Association for Physical Education Recreation and Dance CAL Coalition for Active Living CAMH Centre for Addiction and Mental Health CAMO Canadian Association of Medical Oncologists CAMRT Canadian Association of Medical Radiation Technologists CANO Canadian Association of Nurses in Oncology CANSPANN Canadian School Physical Activity and Nutrition Network CAP Clean Air Partnership CAPiO Canadian Association of Pharmacy in Oncology (abbreviation CAPO used elsewhere) CAPO Canadian Association of Psychosocial Oncology CARO Canadian Association of Radiation Oncologists CA2020 Cancer 2020 (Action Plan) CBCF Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation CBRPE Centre for Behavioural Research and Program Evaluation CCHS Canadian Community Health Survey CCO Cancer Care Ontario CCOHS Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety CCS Canadian Cancer Society, Ontario Division CD Compact disc CDA Canadian Diabetes Association CDC (U.S.) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDeA Canadian Dermatology Association (note: CDA abbreviation was already used for the Canadian Diabetes Association) CDO College of Dietitians of Ontario CDP Chronic Disease Prevention CDPAC Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance of Canada CDPM Chronic disease prevention and management CEHO Centre for Environmental Health of Ontario CEOLA Canadian Environmental Law Association CEO Chief Executive Officer CF The Change Foundation CFA Community Food Advisor CFLRI Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute CHAP Community Health Awareness Program CHC Community health centre CHIS Consumer Health Information Service CHMS Canadian Health Measures Survey CHN Community Health Network CIHI Canadian Institute for Health Information NACRS National Ambulatory Care Reporting System DAD Discharge Abstract Database NRS National Rehabilitation Reporting System CIHR Canadian Institutes of Health Research INMD Institute for Nutrition, Metabolism and Diabetes CMHA Canadian Mental Health Association CMHC Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation CMRTO College of Medical Radiation Technologists of Ontario CODA Council on Drug Abuse COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CPCHE Canadian Partnership for Children’s Health and the Environment CPE Continuing professional education CPMA Canadian Produce Marketing Association CPs Community partners CPSO College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario CQCO Cancer Quality Council of Ontario CQI Continuous quality improvement C.R.E.A.T.E. Communities Ready for Eating-Healthy, Active-Living and Tobacco-Wise Environments CSBRC (Ophea) Curriculum and School-based Resource Centre CSCC Canadian Strategy for Cancer Control PPAG Primary Prevention Action Group CSEM Canadian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism CTCRI Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative CTUMS Canadian Tobacco Use Monitoring Survey CVD Cardiovascular Disease DC Dietitians of Canada DHP Determinants of Health Partnership DSR Designated smoking rooms DPO Division of Preventive Oncology (at Cancer Care Ontario) EEO Environmental Education Ontario EHC Environmental Health Committee EHWG Environmental Health Working Group EMT Executive Management Team ENAC (OHPRS) Evaluation Needs Assessment Committee ETS Environmental tobacco smoke FHN Family health network FHT Family health teams FASD Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder FHN Family Health Network FHT Family Health Team FLS French Language Services FRC FOCUS Resource Centre FSA Farm Safety Association GANIS Geographical and Information Systems project of SPNO GCA Green Communities Association GIS Geographic Information System GTA Greater Toronto Area HC Health Canada HH Heart Health HHC Heart Health Coalition HHN Heart health network HHRC Heart Health Resource Centre HP Health Promotion HPV Human Papillomavirus HSFC Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada HSFO Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario HTML Hypertext Markup Language HWHL Healthy Weights, Healthy Lives (2004 Chief Medical Officer of Health Report) IAPA Industrial Accident Prevention Association ICES Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences IDM Interactive Domain Model IM Information Management IPC Integrated Pan-Canadian IPCHLS Integrated Pan-Canadian Healthy Living Strategy ISPIT (MOHLTC) Internal Stroke Planning and Implementation Team JCC Juravinski Cancer Centre (Hamilton, Ontario) JDRF Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation JOACC Joint Cancer Care Ontario-Aboriginal Cancer Committee JSSWG Joint Stroke Strategy Working Group KF Kidney Foundation LCBO Liquor Control Board of Ontario LGBTT Lesbian, Bay, Bisexual, Transsexual and Transgendered LHIN Local Health Integration Network LIN Leisure Information Network LRDG Low-risk drinking guidelines MADD Mothers Against Drunk Driving MAF Ministry of Agriculture and Food MAG Ministry of Attorney-General MCBS Ministry of Consumer and Business Services MCD Major chronic disease MCI Ministry of Citizenship and Immigration MCSS Ministry of Community and Social Services MCYS Ministry of Children and Youth Services MEDU Ministry of Education MF Ministry of Finance MHAF Mental Health Accountability Framework MHPSG Mandatory Health Programs and Services Guidelines (1997 version) CDP Chronic Disease Prevention EDC Early Detection of Cancer IP Injury Prevention Including Substance Abuse Prevention MIS Management Information System ML Ministry of Labour MLEOA Municipal Law Enforcement Officers’ Association MMAH Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing MNR Ministry of Natural Resources MOE Ministry of Environment MOH Medical Officer of Health MOHLTC Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care CDPHPB Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Branch CIB Communications and Information Branch PHD Public Health Division MOU Memorandum of Understanding MPA Master of Public Administration MPH Master of Public Health MPIR Ministry of Public Infrastructure Renewal MPP Member of Provincial Parliament MSc Master of Science MTCU Ministry of Training, Colleges and Universities MTO Ministry of Transportation MTR Ministry of Tourism & Recreation NAQLC North America Quit Line Consortium NCD Non-Communicable Diseases NCD INFOBASE Non-Communicable Diseases Surveillance INFOBASE (Public Health Agency of Canada) NCIC National Cancer Institute of Canada NCTH National Clearinghouse on Tobacco and Health NGO Non-governmental organization NHDN Northern Health Diabetes Network NPAO Nurse Practitioners’ Association of Ontario NPHS National Population Health Survey NRC Nutrition Resource Centre NRG Nutrition Resource Group NSAID Day National Students Against Impaired Driving Day NSRA Non-Smokers’ Rights Association NSSC National Sun Safety Committee OA Occupational Asthma OAMRT Ontario Association of Medical Radiation Technologists OAP Osteoporosis Action Plan OASW Ontario Association of Social Workers OBSP Ontario Breast Screening Program OC Osteoporosis Canada (as of June 2005; formerly Osteoporosis Society of Canada) OCA Ontario Coaching Association OCAP Ownership, Control, Access, Possession OCAT Ontario Campaign for Action on Tobacco OCCID Ontario Community Council on Impaired Driving OCCPHC Ontario Centre for Collaborative Primary Health Care OCDPA Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance OCFP Ontario College of Family Physicians OCGHE Ontario Collaborative Group on Healthy Eating OCGN Ontario Cancer Genetics Network OCOG Ontario Clinical Oncology Group OCR Ontario Cancer Registry OCRN Ontario Cancer Research Network OCSCG Ontario Cervical Screening Collaborative Group OCSP Ontario Cervical Screening Program OCWA Ontario Clean Water Agency ODAP Ontario Drug Awareness Partnership OEN Ontario Environment Network OFCMHAP Ontario Federation of Community Mental Health and Addictions Programs OHA Ontario Hospital Association OHCC Ontario Healthy Communities Coalition OHCOW Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers OHHN Ontario Heart Health Network OHHP Ontario Heart Health Program OHPE-mail Bulletin Ontario Health Promotion E-mail Bulletin OHPRS Ontario Health Promotion Resource System OHSPR Ontario’s Health System Performance Report (2002) OILN Ontario Inclusion Learning Network OLA Ontario Lung Association OMA Ontario Medical Association PCN Primary care networks ONCP Ontario Nutrition and Cancer Prevention (Survey) ONMEID Ontario Network for Nutrition Monitoring, Evaluation and Intervention Development OPA Ontario Physiotherapy Association OPC Ontario Prevention Clearinghouse OPHA Ontario Public Health Association EHWG Environmental Health Working Group Ophea Ontario Physical Health Education Association OPIS/CPOE Computerized Physician Order Entry (For Drugs) ORCS Ontario Respiratory Care Service OSC Osteoporosis Canada (formerly Osteoporosis Society of Canada) OSDUS Ontario Student Drug Use Survey OSGN Ontario Smart Growth Network OSNPPH Ontario Society of Nutrition Professionals in Public Health OSS Ontario Stroke Strategy OSSN Ontario Sun Safety Network OSSWG Ontario Sun Safety Working Group OTN Ontario Tobacco-Free Network OTRU Ontario Tobacco Research Unit OTS Ontario Tobacco Strategy OTSMN Ontario Tobacco Strategy Media Network OWH Ontario Women’s Health OWHC Ontario Women’s Health Council OWHN Ontario Women’s Health Network PAD Parent Action on Drugs PAHO Pan American Health Organization PARC Physical Activity Resource Centre PCPSC Provincial Cancer Prevention and Screening Council PDF Portable Document Format PEBC Program in Evidence-Based Care Pfizer Pfizer Canada Inc. PHAC Public Health Agency of Canada PhD Doctor of Philosophy PHRED Public Health Research, Evaluation and Development Program PHU Public Health Unit PIMS Pathology Information Management System PM2.5 Particulate matter no greater than 2.5 micrometers in diameter PMH Princess Margaret Hospital PMO Project Management Office PRO Parks & Recreation Ontario PSA Public service announcement PSOC Provincial Sport Organization Council PTCC Program Training and Consultation Centre QRL Quit4Life RC Resource centre RCC Regional Cancer Centres RCPSC The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada RCPSN Regional cancer prevention and screening network RD Registered Dietitian REPS Rehabilitation Education Program for Stroke RNAO Registered Nurses Association of Ontario RRFSS Rapid Risk Factor Surveillance System SADD Students Against Drunk Driving SAO Sport Alliance of Ontario SEII Social and Economic Inclusion Initiative SFOS Smoke-free Ontario Strategy SHAF Smoking and Health Action Foundation SHAPES School Health, Action, Planning & Evaluation System (Ontario) SHL Smoker’s Helpline SHRC Self Help Resource Centre SNO Stewardship Network of Ontario SOADI Southern Ontario Aboriginal Diabetes Initiative SPI Stroke Prevention Initiative SPNO Social Planning Network of Ontario TAFHL Take Action for Healthy Living TC Tobacco control TCANS Tobacco Control Area Network TCPC Toronto Cancer Prevention Coalition EOCWG Environmental and Occupational Carcinogens Working Group UVRWG UVR Working Group TF Trillium Foundation THCU The Health Communication Unit (at the Centre for Health Promotion, University of Toronto) THM Trihalomethanes TPA (Community-based) Transfer payment agencies TPH Toronto Public Health EPO Environmental Protection Office UV or UVR Ultraviolet radiation WHCO Women’s Health Council of Ontario WHO World Health Organization WSIB Workplace Safety and Insurance Board WTO World Trade Organization YATI Youth Action Training Initiative YTV Youth Television
Extracted from the Appendices of Informing Directions for CDP and Management in Ontario: Summary of Potential Application to the Forthcoming OCDP and Management Framework. Final Report – Revised Sept. 16, 2005 Glossary Affiliate member/partner (of Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance) Individuals, organizations and government who are interested in the ongoing work of the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance.
Chronic disease prevention Action or measures not only to prevent the occurrence of disease, such as risk factor reduction, but also to arrest its progress and reduce its consequences once established. Primary prevention is directed towards preventing the initial occurrence of a disorder. Secondary and tertiary prevention seek to arrest or retard existing disease and its effects through early detection and appropriate treatment; or to reduce the occurrence of relapses and the establishment of chronic conditions through, for example, effective rehabilitation. Disease prevention is considered to be action, which usually emanates from the health sector, dealing with individuals and populations identified as exhibiting identifiable risk factors, often associated with different risk behaviours. From: OCDPA (2003), adapted from World Health Organization (1998).
Collaborative action and leadership A process of building substantive agreement, through which parties who see different aspects of a problem can constructively explore their differences and search for solutions that go beyond their own visions of what is possible. Collaboration involves joint problem solving and consensus decision making, inventing mutually agreeable solutions, and developing collective actions for implementation:
From: OCDPA (2003), adapted from Gray, as cited by Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance of Canada (2003). Core member/partner (of Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance) Provincial organizations who have signed a Memorandum of Understanding in support of the Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance.
Abbreviations
alPHa Association of Local Public Health Agencies AS Asthma Society ASMP Arthritis Self-Management Plan CAMH Centre for Addiction and Mental Health CBRPE Centre for Behavioural Research and Program Evaluation CCAC Community Care Access Centre CCO Cancer Care Ontario CCS Canadian Cancer Society, Ontario Division CDA Canadian Diabetes Association CDP Chronic Disease Prevention CDPM Chronic Disease Prevention and Management CHAP Community Health Awareness Program COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease HHC Heart Health Coalition HHRC Heart Health Resource Centre HSFO Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario KF Kidney Foundation MOHLTC Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care MPA Master of Public Administration MPH Master of Public Health MSc Master of Science NGO Non-governmental organization NRC Nutrition Resource Centre OC Osteoporosis Canada (as of June 2005; formerly Osteoporosis Society of Canada) OCAT Ontario Campaign for Action on Tobacco OCDPA Ontario Chronic Disease Prevention Alliance OCGHE Ontario Collaborative Group on Healthy Eating OLA Ontario Lung Association OPC Ontario Prevention Clearinghouse OPHA Ontario Public Health Association OSS Ontario Stroke Strategy PCPSC Provincial Cancer Prevention and Screening Council PhD Doctor of Philosophy RAI Resident Assessment Instrument SHAPES School Health, Action, Planning & Evaluation System (Ontario) |
